Apparatus for the installation of reinforced concrete floors in multistoried buildings



H. DAVE 3,037,259

D. APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FLOORS INMULTI-STORIED BUILDINGS Filed Dec. 27, 1960 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 Tlc. l.

June 5, 1962 June 5,

Tlc'A H. DAVE D. 3,037,259 APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION oF REINFORCEDCONCRETE FLOORS IN MULTI-STORIED BUILDINGS Filed DBC. 27, 1960 6Sheets-Sheet 2 BY M @MM June 5, 1962 H. D 3,037,259 INSTAL RCED 1N MULTIVE LATION OF REINF'O -STORIED BUILDI S 6 Sheets-Sheet I5 APPARATUS F'ORTHE ONCRETE FLOORS Filed Dec. 27,

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AVE 3,037,259 LATION OF R FORCED I-STORIED B DINGS 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 @MDQ o ma RL? fm www f. @QQ RWY Wm m\\ m .\N\ MTW, 'Mw mm Q E m\ um mfhv SJune 5, 1962 CONCRETE FLOORS IN MULTI-STORIEO BUILDINGS l Filed Dec. 27,19Go. I

D.H.'DAVE APPARATUS FOR THR INSTALLATION OF REINFOROED Jung 5, 1962 6Sheets-Sheet 5 1 INVENTOR @Ar/a 041/5 @Y wfmd/W ATTORNEYS.

June 5, 1962 D. H. DAVE APPARATUS FOR THE INSTALLATION OR REIN 9 5 2, 73 o om. D ES CG RN OI Pw I U B D E I R O T S CONCRETE FLOORS IN'NULTT-Filed Deo. 27, 1960 I 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 ATTORNE 3,037,259 APPARATUS FORTHE INSTALLATIN F REIN- FRCED CONCRETE FLUORS IN MUL'H- `STORIEDBUILDINGS David H. Dave, 129S E. 22nd St., Brooklyn, N.Y. Filed Dec. 27,196i), Ser. No. 78,488 3 Claims. (Cl. 25-131.5)

This invention relates to an apparatus for lthe installation ofreinforced concrete oors in multi-storied buildings.

An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus by means of whichmulti-storied reinforced concrete framed buildings or multi-storiedstructural steel framed buildings wherein the floor slabs are supportedgenerally on parallel rows of columns, can be constructed in a safer,quicker and more simple and economical manner than heretofore has beenpossible. Thus, it has been `common practice in this art to erect woodenforms on a foundation or previously poured slab or oor to provideformwork on which the next succeeding higher floor slab may be poured.This wooden formwork usually comprising numerous pieces has been erectedin a more or less piecemeal fashion by workmen who 4are relativelyunskilled in the engineering of concrete supports. Frequently thesesupports are so placed that they obstruct passage. Also the design ofthe formwork varies from time to time and even from floor to floor onthe same job, `the latter variation being occasioned, in many instances,by injury to or impairment of the wooden elements in their removal orhandling after a oor slab has been poured and the concrete mass hasdeveloped its strength. For example, in stripping such formwork from theset concrete of a poured floor slab, breaking of or injury to theformwork components results in many instances because of the manner inwhich the stripping necessarily is accomplished.

In general, the method of forming a floor slab according to the presentinvention includes the steps of placing mobile formwork supportingdevices with their bases resting on oor areas or column stripsimmediately adjacent the bottom ends or bases of the supporting columnsand with horizontally disposed deck forms mounted on said devices andextending in longitudinal and lateral directions from upper end portionsof the columns of one row toward those of adjacent rows and mountingller forms on said mobile devices lbetween opposed end edges of adjacentdeck forms thereof to provide with said deck forms formwork for formingand temporarily supporting beam portions, or the like of the slab,bringing span forms into span panel supporting position on and betweenthose of said mobile devices positioned in relation to one row ofcolumns and those operatively positioned in relation to an adjacent rowof columns to provide formwork for the span portions or panels of thefloor slab, applying a mass of concrete mix on the top surfaces of allsaid forms, allowing the mix to set in slab form to a predetermined3,037,259 Patented June 5, 1962 panel supporting `formwork for a higherlevel slab, and moving said first mentioned mobile devices -from theirinitial beam supporting positions to corresponding positions on a lastpoured higher level slab while said other mobile devices remain insupporting relation to the beam portions of said slab.

Apparatus according to the present invention and which may be employedto advantage in practicing the method aforesaid comprises, in general,mobile loadform supporting devices or machines including bases which inlowered A position are adapted to rest firmly on floor areas adjacentextent, lowering said span forms `from under span por- The methodaccording to the present invention also :1 j

includes the further steps of placing other like mobile formworksupporting devices in operative positions on said last poured slab,moving said span forms from their intermediate positions beyond saidslab into operative position on said other like mobile devices toprovide span to bottom ends of the spaced columns and frames mounted onsaid bases and carrying wheels which, in lowered position, support thebases out of contact with the oor and permit convenient transportthereof of said devices, and top or deck `forms carried on andtransportable' with said frames, said frames being vertically adjustablein relation to their bases to raise and lower said wheels out of andinto operative transporting position and to bring said deck forms to andfrom operative beam supporting levels above the iioor, and ller formsremovably mounted between opposed end edge portions of adjacent deckforms.

Said apparatus also includes span lforms and formwork supporting meanson said frames arranged and adapted in cooperation with lik-e means onopposed spaced frames to adjustably support said span forms-between themat desired levels above the iioor and independently of the deck formsupport adjustment. Said frames also advantageously provide laterallyextending supports arranged and adapted to receive and support edgeportions of said span forms below their span panel supporting levels;and rollers are interposed `between said edge portions of the span formsand said frames to permit said forms to ride freely on said laterallyextending supports and thereby facilitate transport of the span formsaway from beneath the poured and set slab.

The apparatus according to my invention will be better understood byreference to the drawings appended to this specication and whereinFIGURE l is a fragmentary schematic plan view with portions shown inhorizontal section ofa typical reinforced concrete structure having afloor slab construction wherein parallel beam portions each associatedwith a row of columns alternate with span portions -between the adjacentrows of columns;

FIGURE 2, a ver-tical section on the line 2-2 of FIG- URE l;

FIGURE 3, a vertical section on the line 3--3 of FIG- URE 1 FIGURE 4, aschematic plan View of a portion of the FIGURE l area, showing baseplates of form and slab supporting machines in operative position onportions of a floor adjoining the columns;

FIGURE 5, a schematic view similar to FIGURE 4 but showing frameportions of the slab supporting machines operatively positioned inrelation to the columns and mounted on their respective' base plates;

FIGURE 6, a schematic fragmentary plan View showing beam and spansupporting forms in concrete mix receiving position on the frames shownin FIGURE 5;

FIGURE 7, a fragmentary view in vertical section from line 7-7 of FIGURE6 showing in end elevation portions of form and load supporting machinespositioned at two oor levels and in three different stages of operation;first, at the left, upper level, as they appear when operativelyassembled in relation to laterally adjacent columns of three parallelrows of columns, with their `beam supporting parts in raised oroperative mix receiv- 3 or inoperative position after setting of thespan portion of the slab, but with the beam forms remaining in positionto support the beam portion of the slab for further curing;

FIGURE 8, a fragmentary view in vertical section from the line 8 8 ofFIGURE 6 showing in side elevation portions of the form and loadsupporting devices or machines of FIGURE 7 operatively assembled on anupper level floor in condition to receive mix for la oor slab, thedevices on the lower level oor being shown with beam supporting formslowered from the beam and with one of said devices moved away to theleft from its operative position;

FIGURE 9, a horizontal section on the line 9 1 of FIGURE 7 showing inplan the arrangement of base plates (dotted), the `arrangement of theplate and frame actuating jacks for adjusting frame portions of themachine into and out of mobile condition and into and out of beamsupporting position, and the arrangement of span form raising andlowering jacks carried by said frame;

FIGURE l0, a schematic view showing the step of moving La span form frombeneath a last formed slab toward operative position for receivingconcrete mix to be poured in forming the next higher level slab; andFIGURE 11 is a fragmentary schematic view in perspective illustrating ingreater detail the arrangement of a platform at an end of a bay and inposition to receive span forms as they are rolled into intermediateposition from beneath a lastl formed slab, and with form and loadsupporting machines at the columns indicated in simplified diagrammaticform.

As indicated in the drawings, apparatus according to the presentinvention includes a mobile formwork supporting device or machine which,with other suitably spaced like devices and the forms thereon andemployed therewith, provides means for effectively receiving ya mass ofconcrete mix and supporting the same while it is curing into a oor slab.In a preferred embodiment, said machine includes a base conveniently inthe form of a plate A, 10B, FIGS. 4, 7 and 8. A frame comprising upperand lower horizontal elements, as 11, and uprights 12, FIGURE 9, carriesframe supporting Wheels or rollers `13, FIG. 8 which, in down position,facilitate transport of the machine. Said frame is adjustable Verticallyin relation to base plate 1t)` and the floor level by suitable means, asjacks 14, mounted on lower portions of the frame Iand -with their lowerends engaged with plate 10, to bring said wheels 12 into and out ofrolling or transport position in relation to said base. Thus, when saidjacks are actuated in one direction, plate 10 is brought to rest on -asupporting floor surface 16, and wheels 13 are raised iabove the levelof said floor; and on further actuation said jacks raise the frame to adesired higher level above the floor and the base plate. A top or deckform 15 more particularly for forming beam portions of the slab, iscarried by and transportable with the frame; and its operative levelabove floor surface 16 on which the base plate 10 rests in use is alsodetermined by vertical adjustment of said jacks 14 and correspondingmovement of the frame.

A primary purpose of the invention is to provide supporting machinesemploying the cantilever principle to carry the form Work and the slabloads of successively higher oors on `lower oor areas closely adjoiningthe lower ends of structural columns, as 17, which for a typicalstructure, occur in parallel transverse rows intersecting parallellongitudinal rows. In some structures, the slabs incorporate greaterreinforcement at their junction with the columns than in the spanportions of the slabs between columns. In some cases, greaterreinforcement of the slab also occurs in portions thereof which join theends of the columns in each row, for example, thus providing in effecttransverse or longitudinal relatively heavily reinforced beams 18,depending on requirements in that respect, alternating with relativelyless heavily reinforced spans 19 parallel thereto.

As seen more clearly in FIG. 9, base plates 16A and 161B of the set ofcooperating formwork supporting devices A and B, respectively, thereshown `assembled around columns 17 are cut away or otherwise formed toprovide in each an opening 2t) of such shape and dimensions as to titloosely around approximately one half the perimeter of column 17 wheresaid column joins floor 16 and preferably in adequate spaced relation tothe column reinforcement or core, ias 21, to permit insertion of thelower ends of vertical disposed column forms 22, where the column is tobe poured substantially along with pouring of the oor slab or thatportion thereof to be supported thereon.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, two mobile formwork supportingdevices or machines indicated generally as A and B, respectively, FIGURE8, cooperate in use as a set at each interior column 17 and arereleasably retained in cooperating relation by suitable means, aslatches 23, 24, or the like, which latch 23 is conveniently pivoted on Aand latches on B; and the other latch 24 is pivoted on B and latches onA. As seen in FIGS. 4 and 9, the base plates 10A and 10B of said devicesA and B, respectively, straddle column 17, or the reinforcement 21thereof `at its base, so that the combined floor engaging area of saidplates is arranged in a manner to most effectively concentrate theapplication of load pressure on oor areas closely around the bases ofthe structural columns.

Where the structural design involves oor slabs having parallel beamportions, as 18, usually with relatively greater reinforcement,alternating with parallel span portions, as 19, usually with relativelyless reinforcement, the deck forms 15 cooperate with interposed fillerforms 25, FIGURES 6 and 8, to provide, in effect a substantiallycontinuous supporting form-work for said beam or more heavily reinforcedportions of the slab. For this purpose, suitable brackets 26, as angleirons for example, extend beyond the end edges of the frame of a deviceA of one set toward the opposed end edge of the frame of a device B ofan adjacent set. Thus, as seen in FIG. 8, a bracket 26 of the frame ofone formwork supporting device as A at one column is disposed oppositeand spaced from a like bracket 25 of the frame of the device Bassociated with the next adjacent column in the row so that, when thesedevices with their deck forms are disposed in operative positions,FIGURES 6 and 8, the filler forms 25 conveniently of plywood,substantially fill the spaces between the deck forms in cach such row.

The frames of said devices A and B also carry means and are arranged toprovide in effect a cantilever type support for span or panel forms, as28, which are advantageously of light but rigid construction. Thus,where said machines are in operative position around the columns 17, thesets of devices A, B, in one row of columns are opposite like sets ofdevices in another adjacent row; and said span supporting forms 28,FIGURES 6 and 7 are supported by and between said sets of devices andare removable therefrom independently of said deck forms 15 and saidfiller forms 25 after the slab has been poured and has set sutlicientlyto permit such removal.

For the contemplated mode of operation so far as it involves support andadjustment or positioning of forms 23, on the frames of machines A and Bsaid frames carry vertically adjustable span form supports, as jacks 29,FIGS. 5 and 7 for raising the forms Z8 into and for holding said formsin position to receive concrete mix and to support the resulting spanpanel or portion of the slab while setting.

As seen in FIGS. 5 and 7, the arrangement of jacks 29 with two at eachof the opposite sides of each of devices A and B, for example, is suchthat when the machines are positioned for use, span forms 28 are engagedat their under sides and supported near their corners by said jacks 29which are conveniently mounted on portions 30 of the frames of saidmachines. Filler forms, as 31, FIGURE 6, may be provided betweenadjacent span forms 29 as and when required.

Said frames also provide span form supporting means conveniently carriedon and extending laterally therefrom to receive said span forms 28 whenthey are lowered away from their span supporting level by said jacks 30,or the like, and yarranged and adapted to facilitate movement thereofinto and out of operative position on said machines. For this purposealigned track sections 32 are mounted on and extend laterally from theframes lassociated with one row of columns and thus afford asubstantially continuous form supporting track parallel with andopposite a Alike row of aligned track sections on the frames associatedwith yan adjacent row of columns. Said span forms 28 when positioned torest on said tracks, or equivalent support, are in rolling Contacttherewith, as by means of rollers 33, or the like, carried by said formsor said tracks, or operatively interposed between said forms and saidframes. This arrangement permits said span panel forms 28 to be rolledfreely along tracks 31, as in the outward direction of the arrow, lowerlevel, FIGURE l0, for delivery to an intermediate or inoperativeposition beyond the slab, for example, while the beam supporting formsand their supporting machines remain in place under the beams duringfurther or more adequate hardening or curing of beam portions of theslab; or to be rolled on said tracks in -the opposite direction (upperlevel) into initial operative position on the supporting machines inpreparation for pouring a higher level slab.

When used in the construction of a typical reinforced concrete building,for example, A and B devices rand the various span and deck forms andfillers employed therewith, FIGURES 7 :and S, and as described, will beprovided in any number required to receive the concrete mix suitable fora single pouring and to support with desired continuity of surface Vtheresulting floor slab of desired area. This may involve an entire oor orsome smaller portion thereof. In a typical case, additional A and Bmachines, Le. machines not then in -beam sup-porting position at a lowerfloor level are set in proper places on the last poured slab or nexthigher iloor level while the A and B devices employed in such lastpouring remain in their original positions to maintain adequate supportfor the equipment and conc-rete mass involved in forming the next higherbeam portions of the slab during the longer curing period required forbeam portions ofthe lower slab. When the span panel portions of the lastpoured slab are sufficiently set, the span forms 28, FIGURE 7, lowerlevel, are lowered from panel engaging position to rest on the supportsor tracks 3l. They are then moved along said tracks to an intermediateposition beyond the slab, for example as in FIGS. 10 and 1l, from whichthey can be transported to rest on the additional devices A and B intheir operative positions on the newly poured slab. For this purpose, aplatform 34, or equivalent, provided at one end of the span section orbay, extends outwardly, beyond the building `far enough to receive spanforms 28 from said tracks 32 land sustain Ithem free and clear, or sothat they may be conveyed one after another, if desired, by a crane 35,or otherwise, to a new operative position or so as to be readily engagedwith lthe tracks or" devices A and B at the next upper slab level.

Depending on conditions which may vary widely from job -to job, theprocedure will involve the use of more or less machines or devices A andB and more or less span forms and more or less ller and column forms. Atsome point in the course of construction, i.e. upon the completehardening of an entire iioor slab, and depending largely on the curingrate of beam portions of previously formed slabs at lower floor levels,it will be permissible to lower the deck forms 15 of the A and Bmachines as seen in FIGURE 8 (lower level) by actuating jacks y14 and toremove the filler forms 25 from between said deck forms 15. Continuedlowering actuation of jacks 14 lowers the frames of devices A and B andbrings wheels 13 down to rest on the door and lifts plate 10 clear ofthe floor; one of said frames, `as that of A, is then moved as in thedirection of the arrow, lef-t in FIGURE 8, to disengage from itsposition with b-ase plate 10 straddling the column. It may then be movedaside whereupon the other frame, as ythat o-f B, is disengaged frorn alike position in relation to its column. These mobile machines withtheir frames and deck forms are conveyed or moved by any suitable meansor in any convenient manner to new operative formwo-rk supportingpositions on :a oor at a higher level if desired. This also releases thecolumn forms 22 which may then be removed and reused for forming anothercolumn. At this point, an operation cycle is established wherebypreviously used A and B machines released from a lower floor will belavailable to support span forms released from under span panel portionso-f a last poured slab in a setup for pouring the next higher slab.

It will be apparent that the method hereinabove described affords anorderly and measurably simplified building procedure which ensuresmaximum security against collapse during construction as well as maximumdurability of the completed structure. The method also permits optimumutilization of the mobile apparatus employed. Where the forms andsupporting devices or machines are properly constructed, preferablyprefabricated, they effectively resist injury and damage with consequenteconomies in use. Also, where substantial parts of the apparatus aremov-able yon wheels, rollers or the like, transfer thereof along a floorsurface or from one floor level to another is facilitated thus speedingconstruction and reducing its cost. A further advantage residing in theuse `of embodiments of the invention as exemplified in the apparatusabove described is that the number of different pieces and sizes andshapes of pieces involved in their operation is minimal compared to thenumbers and varieties of parts or pieces heretofore commonly employedfor similar purposes.

When the above described apparatus is in operative position on a floorslab, for example, the formwork supports are such. that they occupy onlya relatively minor floor area land the forms are so disposed that thepassageways between machines `are relatively spacious or unobstructed ascompared to the cluttered conditions in many cases where conventionalformwork apparatus are employed.

I claim:

l. Apparatus for use in reinforced concrete construction comprising incombination `a mobile frame unit having a deck which provides a beamform, frame supporting means mounted on said frame and adjustable inrelation thereto for raising said frame and therewith said beam forminto beam supporting position 'above a oor, or the like, and forlowering said frame and said beam form away from said beam supportingposition, a span form separate from and movable independently inrelation to said frame and said beam form and having rollers at itsunder side lalong Iand adjacent to lateral edges thereof, alongitudinally extending track mounted on and projecting laterally fromsaid frame at la level below that of said beam form, said track beingpositioned to be engaged by said rollers and to support a lateral edgeportion of said span yform in rolling contact therewith when said spanform is operatively mounted on and between the tracks of laterallyopposed frames, and jack means mounted on said frame and adjustablevertically in relation thereto in a path beyond and norm-al to the outerlateral edge of said track Iand into .a position to engage underportions of a span `form when mounted d thereon, whereby said jack liftssaid span form vertically from said track intooperative span supportingposition when moved upwardly and moves said span lorm downwardly totracl; engaging position when moved downwardly.

2. Apparatus according to claim l and including ller forms operativebetween opposed ends of longitudinally `.adjacent frames and bracketmeans arranged and adapted to engage and removably support edge portionsof said ller forms between opposed end edge portions of the beam formsof said longitudinally opposed frames, whereby said ller forms and thebeam forms provide in effect a continuous beam defining and supportingsurface.

3. Apparatus `according to claim 1 and wherein said frame includes abase plate provided with an opening CII 5 at its inner edge and each ofsaid beam forms is provided with `an opening of similar size and shapeat its inner edge and vertically aligned therewith, said base plate andsaid beam form being anranged and adapted to retain vertical formworkmembers in said openings in operative position to receive column`forming concrete mass when concrete is poured to form the oor slabportion to be supported by said column.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS1,596,868 Brynoldt Aug. 24, 1926 2,377,944 Kohlhaas June 12, 19452,671,697 North Mar. 9, 1954 2,966,718 Dave Ian. 3, 1961

